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To give charity

The Luchos - Ten Commandments

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כִּ֛י לֹא־יֶחְדַּ֥ל אֶבְי֖וֹן מִקֶּ֣רֶב הָאָ֑רֶץ עַל־כֵּ֞ן אָנֹכִ֤י מְצַוְּךָ֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר פָּ֠תֹ֠חַ תִּפְתַּ֨ח אֶת־יָדְךָ֜ לְאָחִ֧יךָ לַעֲנִיֶּ֛ךָ וּלְאֶבְיֹנְךָ֖ בְּאַרְצֶֽךָ׃ - פָּרָשַׁת רְאֵה
Deuteronomy 15:11 - "For there will never cease to be needy within the land. Therefore, I command you, saying, you shall surely open your hand to your brother, to your poor one, and to your needy one in your land."

This Mitzvah's Summary

מִצְוָה עֲשֵׂה - Positive Commandment
מִצְוָה לֹא תַעֲשֶׂה - Negative Commandment
Charity – צְדָקָה

We are commanded to give charity (tzedakah) to the poor and needy, supporting them according to their needs and our ability.

This mitzvah requires opening our hand to the poor — offering financial support, material assistance, or other resources. It is not limited to money but includes all forms of aid that restore dignity and security to those in need.
Charity is not optional generosity but a binding Torah obligation. Rambam ranks tzedakah as one of the highest mitzvot, with its greatest form being helping someone achieve independence through work or business.

Commentary & Classical Explanation:

  • Rambam (Hilchot Matanot Aniyim 7:1): Declares that every Jew, even the poor, is obligated to give charity. He also famously outlines eight levels of tzedakah, the highest being enabling self-sufficiency.
  • Sefer HaChinuch (Mitzvah 479): Emphasizes that the mitzvah cultivates compassion and curbs cruelty by training us to share.
  • Talmud (Ketubot 67b): Rules that the needy should be supported in a manner befitting their dignity, even if that means more than basic survival.
  • Rashi (Deuteronomy 15:11): Notes that poverty will always exist, so the mitzvah endures across all times and places.
(Source: Chabad.org)

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Notes on this Mitzvah's Fundamentals

Faith – אֱמוּנָה

  • Sefer HaChinuch (Mitzvah 479) explains that giving tzedakah expresses belief that wealth is entrusted by Hashem. By sharing with the poor, one demonstrates trust that blessing and sustenance ultimately come from G-d, not personal possession.

Charity – צְדָקָה

  • Rambam (Hilchot Matanot Aniyim 7:1) rules that tzedakah is a Torah obligation binding on every Jew, even the poor. His eight levels of tzedakah place greatest value on enabling independence, making charity into structured justice rather than optional generosity.

Compassion – רַחֲמִים

  • Talmud (Ketubot 67b) teaches that the needy should be supported according to their dignity — even providing comforts they were accustomed to. This reflects compassion that preserves self-respect alongside provision.

Justice – צֶדֶק

  • Rambam (Hilchot Matanot Aniyim 10:1) emphasizes that tzedakah is not mercy alone but justice, as the poor are entitled to a share in the community’s resources. The mitzvah ensures fairness in distributing Hashem’s blessings.

Kindness – חֶסֶד

  • Beyond obligation, tzedakah cultivates acts of lovingkindness. The Talmud (Bava Batra 9a) states that tzedakah and chesed together sustain the world, balancing duty with heartfelt generosity.

Community – קְהִלָּה

  • Sefer HaChinuch notes that widespread giving creates a community bound by mutual responsibility. The mitzvah ensures that no one is abandoned, strengthening social cohesion.

Gratitude – הוֹדָיָה

  • Giving charity reminds us that all possessions are gifts from Hashem. By sharing them, we express gratitude for what we have and acknowledge His providence.

Humility – עֲנָוָה

  • Rambam (Hilchot Matanot Aniyim 10:4) stresses giving with dignity, so the recipient is not shamed. This cultivates humility in the giver, reminding us that wealth is not a source of pride but a means of serving Hashem and others.

Bein Adam L’Chavero – בֵּין אָדָם לַחֲבֵרוֹ

  • Tzedakah is one of the clearest expressions of obligations between people. It refines character, prevents cruelty, and ensures justice and compassion in interpersonal relationships.

This Mitzvah's Fundamental Badges

Faith - אֱמוּנָה

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Represents Emunah—the deep, inner trust in Hashem’s presence, oneness, and constant involvement in our lives. This badge symbolizes a heartfelt connection to G-d, rooted in belief even when we cannot see. It is the emotional and spiritual core of many mitzvot.

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Compassion – רַחֲמִים

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Empathy in motion — responding to another’s pain with sensitivity, patience, and understanding. Whereas chesed gives broadly, rachamim responds gently, tailoring care to a person’s emotional or spiritual needs.

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Justice – צֶדֶק

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Mitzvot that uphold fairness, honesty, and moral responsibility. Justice is kindness structured — ensuring that society reflects G-d’s order through truth, equity, and accountability.

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Kindness - חֶסֶד

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Acts of generous giving that extend beyond obligation — offering help, support, or goodness simply because another person exists. Chesed is proactive, abundant care that heals the world through open-hearted action.

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Community – קְהִלָּה

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Mitzvot that strengthen communal life — showing up, participating, supporting, and belonging. Community is where holiness is shared, prayers are multiplied, and responsibility becomes collective.

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Humility - עֲנָוָה

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Practices that cultivate inner modesty and self-awareness. These mitzvot teach us to step back from ego, create space for others, and recognize our place before G-d.

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Between a person and their fellow - בֵּין אָדָם לַחֲבֵרוֹ

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Mitzvot that govern ethical behavior, kindness, justice, and responsibility in human relationships. These actions build trust, dignity, and peace between people.

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