To inscribe and affix a mezuzah containing the parshiyot of Shema and Vehaya im shamoa upon the doorposts of one’s home and gates.
This mitzvah commands writing specific Torah passages (Deut. 6:4–9, Deut. 11:13–21) on parchment and affixing them in a mezuzah case to the doorposts of Jewish homes and gates. Rambam (Hilchot Mezuzah 5:1) codifies its placement on the right side of the entrance, within the top third of the doorway, angled inward according to Ashkenazic custom (Shulchan Aruch Y.D. 289:6). Sefer HaChinuch (Mitzvah 423) teaches that the mezuzah reminds inhabitants of Hashem’s unity and providence each time they enter or leave. Talmud (Menachot 43b) compares mezuzah to tefillin and tzitzit, as constant covenantal signs of loyalty to Hashem. Rashi (Deut. 6:9) notes that mezuzah proclaims faith at the very threshold of life. Ramban adds that the mezuzah protects both physically and spiritually, marking the Jewish home as sanctified space. Midrash Tanchuma (Va’etchanan 6) describes angels of protection stationed by the mezuzah, emphasizing its covenantal shield.
Commentary & Classical Explanation:
Contrast with Mitzvah 80 (Tefillin on the arm):
Parallel with Mitzvah 78 (The Kohanim must bless Israel daily):
Home as Sanctuary
Public Identity Marker
Daily Mindfulness
Spiritual and Physical Protection
Continuity Across Generations
In the Talmud (Shabbat 31a), one of the first questions asked of a soul after death is: “Tzipita l’yeshuah?” — Did you long for salvation?
What should one think when passing a Mezuzah?
The halachah and the mussar tradition give layered guidance:
A Practical Kavanah (Intention) When Passing the Mezuzah
Signifies awe and reverence toward Hashem—living with awareness of His greatness and presence.
Represents the concept of spiritual intentionality, purity, and sanctity—set apart for a higher purpose.
Represents Emunah—the deep, inner trust in Hashem’s presence, oneness, and constant involvement in our lives. This badge symbolizes a heartfelt connection to G-d, rooted in belief even when we cannot see. It is the emotional and spiritual core of many mitzvot.
Reflects mitzvot rooted in love—of G‑d, others, and the world we are entrusted to uplift.
Tied to the eternal covenant between G‑d and the Jewish people, including signs like brit milah and Shabbat.
Mitzvot that define and deepen the relationship between a person and their Creator. These include commandments involving belief, prayer, Shabbat, festivals, sacrifices, and personal holiness — acts rooted in divine connection rather than human interaction.
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