81

To put a Mezuzah on each door post

The Luchos - Ten Commandments
וּכְתַבְתָּ֛ם עַל־מְזֻז֥וֹת בֵּיתֶ֖ךָ וּבִשְׁעָרֶֽיךָ׃ - פָּרָשַׁת וָאֶתְחַנַּן
Deuteronomy 6:9 - "And you shall inscribe them upon the doorposts of your house and upon your gates."

This Mitzvah's Summary

מִצְוָה עֲשֵׂה - Positive Commandment
מִצְוָה לֹא תַעֲשֶׂה - Negative Commandment
Mezuzah – מְזוּזָה

To inscribe and affix a mezuzah containing the parshiyot of Shema and Vehaya im shamoa upon the doorposts of one’s home and gates.

This mitzvah commands writing specific Torah passages (Deut. 6:4–9, Deut. 11:13–21) on parchment and affixing them in a mezuzah case to the doorposts of Jewish homes and gates. Rambam (Hilchot Mezuzah 5:1) codifies its placement on the right side of the entrance, within the top third of the doorway, angled inward according to Ashkenazic custom (Shulchan Aruch Y.D. 289:6). Sefer HaChinuch (Mitzvah 423) teaches that the mezuzah reminds inhabitants of Hashem’s unity and providence each time they enter or leave. Talmud (Menachot 43b) compares mezuzah to tefillin and tzitzit, as constant covenantal signs of loyalty to Hashem. Rashi (Deut. 6:9) notes that mezuzah proclaims faith at the very threshold of life. Ramban adds that the mezuzah protects both physically and spiritually, marking the Jewish home as sanctified space. Midrash Tanchuma (Va’etchanan 6) describes angels of protection stationed by the mezuzah, emphasizing its covenantal shield.

Commentary & Classical Explanation:

  • Rambam (Hilchot Mezuzah 5:1–5): Laws of writing and placement, and its protective nature.
  • Talmud (Menachot 43b): Mezuzah as constant sign alongside tefillin and tzitzit.
  • Rashi (Deut. 6:9): Mezuzah declares faith outwardly at home’s entrance.
  • Ramban (Deut. 11:20): Mezuzah protects the home and its inhabitants.
  • Sefer HaChinuch (423): Purpose is daily reminder of Hashem’s unity and yirat shamayim.
  • Midrash Tanchuma (Va’etchanan 6): Mezuzah summons angelic guardianship.
  • Shulchan Aruch (Y.D. 285–291): Details halachot of writing, placement, and maintenance.

Contrast with Mitzvah 80 (Tefillin on the arm):

  • Both are covenantal signs inscribing Torah passages on the body (tefillin) or the home (mezuzah).
  • Talmud (Menachot 44a): Together with tzitzit, they are “three witnesses” of Israel’s loyalty.
  • Rambam explains that tefillin sanctify the person, while mezuzah sanctifies the household.

Parallel with Mitzvah 78 (The Kohanim must bless Israel daily):

  • Both invoke Divine protection. Birkat Kohanim blesses the nation; mezuzah blesses the home.
  • Ramban (Deut. 11:20) links mezuzah to ongoing protection like priestly blessing.
  • Midrash Tanchuma likens the mezuzah to Hashem “guarding the gates of Israel.”
(Source: Chabad.org)

Applying this Mitzvah Today

Home as Sanctuary

  • Mezuzah turns the Jewish home into a mikdash me’at (mini-sanctuary). Rambam (Hilchot Mezuzah 6:13) writes that every entry and exit recalls Hashem’s unity, sanctifying the dwelling as holy space.

Public Identity Marker

  • The mezuzah declares Jewish identity to all who pass by. In modern society, affixing a mezuzah publicly affirms continuity, even amid assimilation pressures.

Daily Mindfulness

  • Sefer HaChinuch (423) explains the mezuzah inspires awareness each time one enters or exits. Today, it remains a practical mindfulness ritual anchoring faith in daily transitions.

Spiritual and Physical Protection

  • Ramban and Midrash Tanchuma teach the mezuzah shields both body and soul. Many Jews continue to see it as a segulah for health and safety, rooting security in covenant.

Continuity Across Generations

  • Mezuzah proclaims Torah at the family threshold, instilling values in children. Talmud (Menachot 43b) highlights its role in transmitting faith across time.

Mezuzah and Tzipita L’Yeshuah (Did you await the Redemption?)

In the Talmud (Shabbat 31a), one of the first questions asked of a soul after death is: “Tzipita l’yeshuah?”Did you long for salvation?

  • Sefer HaChinuch (423, Mezuzah) explains that mezuzah engraves awareness of Hashem and His promises on our lives at every entry and exit. Since it contains Shema and Vehaya im shamoa, it ties daily routine to the covenant of redemption.
  • Ramban (Deut. 11:20) stresses mezuzah is not only protection, but also a sign of loyalty to Hashem’s kingship — the very heart of redemption.
  • Midrash Tanchuma (Va’etchanan 6) adds that mezuzah brings angels to guard the household, connecting it to the hope of the final Geulah, when Divine presence will dwell among Israel again.
  • Thus, by placing a mezuzah, a Jew enacts a constant, lived anticipation of redemption — every doorframe becomes a mini-threshold to the Messianic hope. In this sense, mezuzah is directly tied to tzipita l’yeshuah: each doorway is an opportunity to reaffirm that we await Hashem’s salvation.

What should one think when passing a Mezuzah?

The halachah and the mussar tradition give layered guidance:

  • Rambam (Hilchot Mezuzah 6:13): “Every time one enters or exits, he should touch the mezuzah and remember the unity of Hashem and awaken from his worldly slumber.” The mezuzah is a daily reset button, pulling us out of distraction.
  • Shulchan Aruch (Y.D. 285:2): Many have the custom to kiss their fingers after touching the mezuzah, as an act of love for the Divine command.
  • Sefer HaChinuch (423): Passing a mezuzah should remind a person that Hashem’s providence rests upon him, leading him to fear sin.
  • Rashi (Deut. 6:9): The mezuzah proclaims faith outwardly; one should inwardly affirm: “My house belongs to Hashem.”
  • Arizal (Sha’ar HaKavanot): Teaches that mezuzah meditation connects to Hashem’s Name Shaddai (שדי), written on the back of the scroll — symbolizing Shomer Daltot Yisrael (Guardian of Israel’s doors). When touching the mezuzah, one should think: “Hashem guards me within and without.”
  • Chassidic commentaries (e.g. the Baal Shem Tov): When leaving home, think of carrying kedushah into the world. When entering, think of re-entering a sanctuary of holiness.

A Practical Kavanah (Intention) When Passing the Mezuzah

  • Affirm Hashem’s Unity: “Hashem Echad — my life belongs to You.”
  • Recall Redemption: “I long for the Geulah — may this doorway open to salvation.”
  • Sanctify Space: “This home is holy; it is a place for Torah, kindness, and faith.”
  • Seek Protection: “May Hashem guard my going out and my coming in” (Psalm 121:8).
  • Every mezuzah is a daily exercise in tzipita l’yeshuah. Passing through it should awaken us to Hashem’s unity, His protection, the sanctity of our homes, and our longing for redemption.

Notes on this Mitzvah's Fundamentals

Mezuzah – מְזוּזָה

  • Rambam (Hilchot Mezuzah 5:1) codifies affixing a mezuzah as a daily covenantal sign on the home. Menachot 43b equates it with tefillin and tzitzit. Sefer HaChinuch (423) explains it transforms the house into a place of remembrance, while Midrash Tanchuma describes it summoning angels of protection.

Torah – תּוֹרָה

  • The mezuzah contains Shema and Vehaya im shamoa, core Torah passages on unity and devotion. Ramban stresses Torah’s words guard the household. Sefer HaChinuch highlights their role in engraving Torah into daily life.

Reverence – יִרְאַת שָׁמַיִם

  • Sefer HaChinuch says the mezuzah instills awe each time one passes. Rambam (Hilchot Mezuzah 6:13) writes that touching it reminds of Divine fear, turning casual comings and goings into acts of reverence.

Holiness – קְדֻשָּׁה

  • By affixing Torah words to the doorway, the home becomes sanctified. Ramban (Deut. 11:20) calls it a dwelling’s consecration. Shulchan Aruch details laws ensuring the mezuzah remains kosher to preserve holiness.

Faith – אֱמוּנָה

  • Rashi (Deut. 6:9) interprets mezuzah as a public declaration of faith. Rambam emphasizes it as testimony to Hashem’s unity. Sefer HaChinuch adds that every entry reinforces emunah in providence.

Love – אַהֲבָה

  • Shema within mezuzah commands loving Hashem with all one’s heart (Deut. 6:5). Ramban explains that placing these words at the threshold embodies love carried into the home.

Covenant – בְּרִית

  • Mezuzah serves as covenantal sign on gates of Israel. Rambam (Hilchot Mezuzah 6:13) stresses that it seals every doorway in loyalty. Talmud (Menachot 43b) calls it one of Israel’s ever-present “witnesses.”

Community – קְהִלָּה

  • Mezuzah unites Jewish homes worldwide in visible mitzvah observance. Midrash Tanchuma portrays mezuzah as Israel’s collective identity marker. Kehilla cohesion grows when every home bears this sign.

Home – בַּיִת

  • Mezuzah sanctifies the dwelling itself. Rambam teaches the house becomes a space of kedushah, guarded spiritually. Sefer HaChinuch explains it imprints Torah into the family environment, shaping Jewish life.

Between a person and G-d – בֵּין אָדָם לְמָקוֹם

  • Ramban notes mezuzah is a direct sign to Hashem. Rambam calls it a mitzvah that binds private space to Divine service, orienting the home toward the Master of the universe.

This Mitzvah's Fundamental Badges

Reverence - יִרְאַת שָׁמַיִם

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Signifies awe and reverence toward Hashem—living with awareness of His greatness and presence.

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Holiness - קְדֻשָּׁה

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Represents the concept of  spiritual intentionality, purity, and sanctity—set apart for a higher purpose.

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Faith - אֱמוּנָה

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Represents Emunah—the deep, inner trust in Hashem’s presence, oneness, and constant involvement in our lives. This badge symbolizes a heartfelt connection to G-d, rooted in belief even when we cannot see. It is the emotional and spiritual core of many mitzvot.

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Love - אַהֲבָה

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Reflects mitzvot rooted in love—of G‑d, others, and the world we are entrusted to uplift.

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Covenant - בְּרִית

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Tied to the eternal covenant between G‑d and the Jewish people, including signs like brit milah and Shabbat.

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Between a person and G-d - בֵּין אָדָם לְמָקוֹם

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Mitzvot that define and deepen the relationship between a person and their Creator. These include commandments involving belief, prayer, Shabbat, festivals, sacrifices, and personal holiness — acts rooted in divine connection rather than human interaction.

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