It is forbidden to consult an Ov, a medium who claims to summon voices of the dead or channel spirits.
This mitzvah prohibits turning to an Ov — a medium who channels or imitates the voices of the dead. Rambam defines Ov as one who speaks with a hollow or hidden voice, deceiving others into believing spirits are speaking through him (Hilchot Avodat Kochavim 11:16–17). The Talmud (Sanhedrin 65a–b) describes this as producing voices from the armpit or mouth, mimicking hidden speech. Rashi clarifies that it refers to summoning voices in darkness to trick seekers, while Ramban emphasizes it as idolatrous superstition replacing Torah with false intermediaries. Sefer HaChinuch (Mitzvah 513) stresses that Ov is pure deception, drawing people away from Hashem and prophecy. Midrash Tanchuma (Shoftim 8) contrasts Israel with nations who seek mediums, insisting that Israel must seek Hashem through His prophets.
Commentary & Classical Explanation:
Contrast with Prophecy (Mitzvah 9):
Parallel to Mitzvah 64 (Not to Attempt to Engage the Dead):
Contrast with Honoring Torah Scholars:
Psychics and Mediums
“Spirit Channelers” and New Age Healers
Entertainment Mediums
Digital Mediums & AI Channeling Tools
Pastoral Response — True Jewish Alternatives
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Mitzvot that prohibit worship of false gods and practices associated with idol worship.
Pertains to the power of speech—both positive and negative—including lashon hara, vows, and blessings.
Relates to internal intentions, beliefs, and mindfulness in performing mitzvot or avoiding transgressions.
Represents Emunah—the deep, inner trust in Hashem’s presence, oneness, and constant involvement in our lives. This badge symbolizes a heartfelt connection to G-d, rooted in belief even when we cannot see. It is the emotional and spiritual core of many mitzvot.
Associated with belief in and obedience to G‑d’s prophets, as well as reverence for their role in transmitting Divine truth.
Signifies awe and reverence toward Hashem—living with awareness of His greatness and presence.
Represents the concept of spiritual intentionality, purity, and sanctity—set apart for a higher purpose.
Mitzvot that define and deepen the relationship between a person and their Creator. These include commandments involving belief, prayer, Shabbat, festivals, sacrifices, and personal holiness — acts rooted in divine connection rather than human interaction.
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