Not to leave the Temple unguarded

This mitzvah complements the positive commandment (Mitzvah 305) to guard the Temple. While Mitzvah 305 establishes the obligation to guard, this commandment prohibits ever leaving the Temple unguarded.

Guarding was not meant for protection from theft or enemies but as an act of honor. Just as a royal palace is never left without attendants, the Temple of Hashem must always be dignified with watchmen. Rambam explains that removing the guard would dishonor the Sanctuary and lessen awe for Hashem.

This mitzvah reinforced constant awareness of the Temple’s holiness, ensuring it was treated as the dwelling of the Divine Presence at all times, day and night.

Commentary & Classical Explanation:

• Rambam (Hilchot Beit HaBechirah 8:1–4): Lists this prohibition, clarifying that leaving the Temple unguarded is a desecration.
• Sefer HaChinuch (Mitzvah 389): Explains that failing to guard the Temple implies disrespect and indifference to its sanctity.
• Rashi (Numbers 18:5): Notes that Israel’s failure to guard the Temple aroused Divine anger, as it diminished honor for Hashem.
• Ramban (Num. 18:5): Stresses that constant guarding demonstrated the Temple’s sanctity to all of Israel.
• Talmud (Middot 1:1–2): Describes the fixed guard stations that ensured the Temple was never left unattended.