A Kohen must not enter the sanctuary of the Temple indiscriminately

This mitzvah restricts kohanim from entering the sanctuary whenever they please. The Torah commands Aaron, the Kohen Gadol, not to enter the innermost Holy of Holies at all times, but only on Yom Kippur with the prescribed offerings and rituals.

The prohibition reflects the unparalleled sanctity of the Mikdash and the presence of the Shechinah. Even the holiest servant, the Kohen Gadol, could not enter casually. To do so would trivialize the sanctity of Hashem’s dwelling and result in death.

Rambam codifies that kohanim who enter sanctified spaces improperly or without authorization are liable to punishment. Sefer HaChinuch explains that the restriction instills awe and reverence for Hashem’s presence, teaching Israel that access to holiness requires preparation, sanctity, and the proper time.

Commentary & Classical Explanation:

• Rambam (Hilchot Bi’at HaMikdash 2:1–4): Rules that unauthorized entry into the sanctuary is a transgression punishable by death at the hands of Heaven.
• Sefer HaChinuch (Mitzvah 184): Explains that limiting entry instills fear and awe, preventing familiarity from diminishing reverence.
• Rashi (Lev. 16:2): Notes that Aaron was forbidden from entering at will, but could only come at the prescribed time on Yom Kippur.
• Talmud (Yoma 53a): Details the rituals and limitations of entry, stressing that casual access would desecrate the holy.
• Ramban (Lev. 16:2): Teaches that the command preserves the awe of the Shechinah’s presence, reminding Israel that holiness requires separation and limits.