A Kohen with a physical blemish must not serve

This mitzvah disqualifies any kohen with a physical blemish from serving in the Mikdash. The Torah lists many types of blemishes — blindness, lameness, deformities, or other physical impairments — that prevent a kohen from engaging in avodah.

The purpose is not to diminish the kohen’s inherent sanctity but to preserve the appearance of wholeness and dignity in Hashem’s service. Such blemishes can distract the people and diminish the reverence due to the Temple service. A blemished kohen may still partake of sacred foods, reinforcing that his priesthood remains intact.

Rambam codifies the prohibition as essential for preserving awe of the Mikdash. Sefer HaChinuch explains that the Temple was designed to inspire fear and majesty; any visible imperfection in its ministers could weaken that perception. Ramban emphasizes the symbolic perfection demanded by the avodah, which reflects Hashem’s completeness.

Commentary & Classical Explanation:

• Rambam (Hilchot Bi’at HaMikdash 6:6–9): States that a kohen with a blemish may not serve, though he remains consecrated and may eat holy offerings.
• Sefer HaChinuch (Mitzvah 275): Explains that the mitzvah ensures that service reflects wholeness, which inspires awe in the people.
• Rashi (Lev. 21:18): Notes that the Torah lists multiple blemishes to make clear that any physical defect disqualifies from service.
• Talmud (Megillah 24b; Zevachim 15b): Discusses specific blemishes and their halachic consequences, both permanent and temporary.
• Ramban: Interprets that the prohibition reflects a symbolic ideal of wholeness in the Mikdash, not a devaluation of blemished kohanim themselves.