2

Not to entertain thoughts of other gods besides Him

The Luchos - Ten Commandments
מִצְוָה עֲשֵׂה - Positive Commandment
מִצְוָה לֹא תַעֲשֶׂה - Negative Commandment
Idolatry – עֲבוֹדָה זָרָה

The first prohibition is that we are forbidden from entertaining the thought that there is any deity other than G‑d.

This mitzvah forbids acknowledging or imagining the existence of any power besides Hashem. It is not only a prohibition against idol worship in action, but also against entertaining thoughts of polytheism or attributing independent authority to any other being. This command preserves the foundation of monotheism and directs the heart and mind to the exclusive sovereignty of Hashem.

Commentary & Classical Explanation:

  • Rambam (Sefer HaMitzvot, Negative Commandment 1): It is forbidden even to consider that another power exists besides Hashem.
  • Sefer HaChinuch (Mitzvah 26): The root is to fix firmly in our hearts that Hashem is one and unique, without rival or partner.
  • Talmud (Sanhedrin 63b): Entertaining thoughts of idolatry is itself considered a grave transgression, even without action.

(Source: Chabad.org)
:פָּרָשַׁת יִתְרוֹ - לֹ֣א יִֽהְיֶ֣ה־לְךָ֩ אֱלֹהִ֨ים אֲחֵרִ֜ים עַל־פָּנַ֗י
Exodus 20:3 - You shall not have the gods of others in My presence.

This Mitzvah's Fundamentals

Ten Commandments - עֲשֶׂרֶת הַדִּבְּרוֹת

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Thought - מַחֲשָׁבָה

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Relates to internal intentions, beliefs, and mindfulness in performing mitzvot or avoiding transgressions.

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Idolatry - עֲבוֹדָה זָרָה

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Mitzvot that prohibit worship of false gods and practices associated with idol worship.

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