3

To know that He is one

The Luchos - Ten Commandments
מִצְוָה עֲשֵׂה - Positive Commandment
מִצְוָה לֹא תַעֲשֶׂה - Negative Commandment
Faith – אֱמוּנָה

The 3rd mitzvah is that we are commanded to acquire knowledge of the nature of G-d's Unity, i.e. to understand that the Original Creator and Source of all existence is One.

This mitzvah commands us to recognize and internalize the absolute oneness of Hashem. He is not composed of parts, nor does He share His authority with any other force. This principle, proclaimed daily in the Shema, is the cornerstone of Jewish faith. It calls for an awareness that Hashem is the sole source of existence and that all multiplicity in the world flows from His singular will.

Commentary & Classical Explanation:

  • Rambam (Sefer HaMitzvot, Positive Commandment 2): The unity of Hashem is a fundamental principle, unlike any other existence.
  • Sefer HaChinuch (Mitzvah 417): Declares that belief in Hashem’s oneness is essential for love and fear of Him to be possible.
  • Talmud (Berachot 13b): The Shema’s proclamation of unity is central, requiring full concentration during its recitation.
(Source: Chabad.org)
:פָּרָשַׁת וָאֶתְחַנַּן - שְׁמַ֖ע יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל יְהֹוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֵ֖ינוּ יְהֹוָ֥ה אֶחָֽד
Deuteronomy 6:4 - Hear, O Israel: The Lord is our G-d; the L-rd is one.

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Core Beliefs - יְסוֹדוֹת הָאֱמוּנָה

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Used for mitzvot that reflect Judaism’s foundational principles—belief in G-d, reward and punishment, prophecy, Torah from Heaven, and more. These commandments shape the lens through which all others are understood.

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Ten Commandments - עֲשֶׂרֶת הַדִּבְּרוֹת

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An exclusive badge for the Ten Commandments - עשרת הדיברות given at Sinai: to know and recognize G-d. These commandments form the foundation of all others and reflects the moment of direct Divine revelation.

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Unity of G-d - ה' אֶחָד

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Denotes the oneness and indivisibility of G‑d—affirming there is no other power or force besides Him.

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To have children with one's wife
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רְאֵה - Re'eh

Haftarah: Isaiah 54:13-14
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