To circumcise all males on the eighth day after their birth

This mitzvah commands the circumcision (brit milah) of every Jewish male on the eighth day of life. Circumcision is a covenantal sign between Hashem and the descendants of Avraham, symbolizing holiness, faith, and dedication to Hashem’s commandments. The eighth day is chosen as it transcends the natural seven-day cycle, representing Israel’s unique relationship with the divine.

Commentary & Classical Explanation:

• Rambam (Hilchot Milah 1:1): The mitzvah is incumbent upon the father; if he neglects it, the obligation passes to the community, and ultimately to the individual himself.
• Sefer HaChinuch (Mitzvah 2): The root is that circumcision perfects the physical form, symbolizing the need to perfect the spiritual nature of man through mitzvot.
• Talmud (Shabbat 132a): Teaches that circumcision overrides Shabbat, showing its great significance as a covenantal mitzvah.